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Tag: endangered species

Artificial Reefs and Seagrass

Posted on by david

Article of the Week 2 – Artificial Reefs

Posted by laymanc

Coastal ecosystems may be the most anthropogenically-altered on the planet.  Habitat loss, over-fishing, nutrient loading, and many other impacts have fundamentally changed the structure and function of these systems.  Many of these impacts operate over rather large spatial scales (think global warming or the loss of migratory fishes); however, most marine ecology actually is conducted at the smallest scales.  Foundational ecological theory took root in experiments conducted in coastal intertidal zones, often at scales of a meter or less.  But ecologists now are challenged to develop approaches that better fit the large scales at which human impacts are altering coastal ecosystems.

In terrestrial systems, “landscape” ecology is a well-developed sub-discipline.  Yet tenets of this are rarely applied in marine systems.  This study was among the first to do so and to use manipulative approaches as we constructed a series of artificial reefs in the Bight and specifically chose locations within different “seascape” contexts.  This allowed us to examine the importance of relatively large-scale (hundreds of meters) features in determining local fish community structure.  That is, instead of just examining small-scale aspects of the reef itself, we included much larger scale factors (such as seagrass cover) and used these to explain the makeup of fish communities.

See the dozens of unique artificial fish habitat models, fish attractors and fish cover used at fishiding.com, the leader in  science based, proven, fish protection.

We found that the amount of seagrass at large spatial scales was one of the most important features determining to number and identity of fishes using these artificial reefs.  Specifically, reefs that had more seagrass within 100 m had more fishes.  This may be explained by the fact that many reef species like grunts, snapper and lobster that use reefs during the day migrate out into the surrounding seagrass at night to feed.  However, not all species of fish responded to the amount of seagrass in the same way.  For example, the number of white grunts increased with more seagrass cover within the seascape, but the number of French grunts decreased.  This means that changes in the cover of seagrass within large areas surrounding reefs can affect both the number and types of fishes using reefs.  Human activities that cause even subtle changes to seagrass habitat can impact reef fish communities even before the complete loss of seagrass habitat.

Newman Branch Creek Habitat Restoration Project

Posted on by david

2011: CRP Project # 10-06 Newman Branch Creek Phase II Habitat Restoration

 CRP Project Page

Project Summary
Newman Branch Creek

The Newman Branch Creek Habitat Restoration Project, located in southeast Hillsborough County, Florida, will be undertaken in an effort to restore estuarine and freshwater habitat in the Tampa Bay area. The project will involve the removal of invasive exotic species, primarily Brazilian pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius) and the re-creation of a variety of native estuarine, freshwater, and upland habitats. Historically Tampa Bay has lost up to 40% of its original marsh/mangrove habitat, with the oligohaline environs having the greatest proportion of these impacts. The Tampa Bay Estuary Program (TBEP) and the Southwest Florida Water Management District’s (SWFWMD) Surface Water Improvement and Management Program (SWIM) have both identified that these habitats are critical in the restoration of Tampa Bay. This
project will further those objectives by resulting in at least 6 acres of estuarine habitat restoration/creation for fisheries habitat, which addresses the priorities identified by the TBEP.

See the dozens of unique artificial fish habitat models, fish attractors and fish cover used at fishiding.com, the leader in  science based, proven, fish protection.

Project Name
Newman Branch Creek Phase II – Habitat Restoration Project

Project Location
Hillsborough County, Florida

Latitude/Longitude of the project site
27.78137 -82.404148

Land Ownership
Private -Tampa Electric Company (TECO) with a perpetual Conservation Easement

Anticipated NOAA Trust Resource(s) to benefit from restoration
Snook (Centropomus undecimalis), redfish (Scicenops ocellatus), spotted sea trout (Cunoscion nebulosus), and perhaps the Atlantic Sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrhynchus)

Project Start Date: December 2010
Project End Date: December 2011

Contact Info
Thomas F. Ries, Board President
Ecosphere Restoration Institute, Inc.
5886 E. Fowler Ave.
Tampa, Fl. 33716
www.ecosphererestoration.org

Largest man-made reef in the world protects fish habitat

Posted on by david

Anglers have high hopes for debate over value of artificial structure

A motion made at the Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council meeting last week in Mobile, Alabama, could be the first step to protecting what has been regarded as the largest man-made reef in the world – the vast forest of energy-related structures in the offshore waters of the Gulf of Mexico. Dr. Bob Shipp’s request to have Council staff clarify the definition of what qualifies as artificial structure could pave the way for rigs and other vital reefs to be classified as Essential Fish Habitat.

“For anglers who have been greatly concerned about the impact of this Administration’s directive to summarily remove all non-producing energy structures, this is a very welcome development,” said Pat Murray, president of Coastal Conservation Association. “This is a chance for the Gulf Council and NOAA Fisheries to take a stand to protect that habitat, and we are grateful to Dr. Shipp for presenting this opportunity.” See the dozens of unique artificial fish habitat models, fish attractors and fish cover used at fishiding.com, the leader in  science based, proven, fish protection.

In a misdirected response to the Gulf oil spill, the U.S. Department of Interior issued a directive in October of 2010 ordering that all non-producing rigs be plugged and any remaining structure removed within five years of the issuance of that directive. There are approximately 3,500 offshore structures in the Gulf of Mexico and the directive, known as the Idle Iron Policy, would immediately impact roughly 650 structures that have not produced oil or gas within five years of the directive issue date of Oct. 15, 2010.

“Anglers have already noted with alarm the disappearance of some rigs that have been in place for years – sometimes decades – that provided the base for flourishing ecosystems,” said Murray. “It is a completely avoidable tragedy, and we hope that the Council and NOAA Fisheries will do what it can to halt this needless destruction.”

Sen. David Vitter (R-La) and Rep. Steve Palazzo (R-Ms) have filed legislation that would prevent rigs and other structures from being summarily removed from the Gulf of Mexico, but both bills face a difficult road through the current Congress. A decision by NOAA Fisheries to declare artificial structures Essential Fish Habitat would be a significant addition to legislative efforts.

In 2009, Dr. Shipp and Stephen Bortone published a paper on the importance of artificial noaa

red vsnapper

habitat on the management of red snapper in the Gulf of Mexico which credits the deployment of energy structures in the mid-20th century for greatly increasing the harvest potential of red snapper.

“If the habitat limitation hypothesis is correct, and I believe it is, then it would be necessary to maintain or even increase the amount of artificial habitat in the northern Gulf of Mexico to keep pace with fishing pressure,” said Dr. Shipp. “Taking it out makes no sense whatsoever.”

To learn more about this issue, visit the Rigs to Reefs page on the CCA website, www.JoinCCA.org.

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CCA is the largest marine resource conservation group of its kind in the nation. With almost 100,000 members in 17 state chapters, CCA has been active in state, national and international fisheries management issues since 1977. For more information visit the CCA Newsroom at www.JoinCCA.org.

Sturgeon habitat endangered as well as fish

Posted on by david

Atlantic sturgeon added to endangered species list

Illegal to catch, sturgeon get more federal protection

The Atlantic sturgeon, one of the world’s oldest surviving species of fish, became the newest addition to the federally protected endangered species list last week, a designation that could lead to additional protections for the fish’s habitat.

Sturgeon have been illegal to fish or keep since 1998, but dangers still remain, including unintended catching, dams that block spawning zones, poor water quality, dredging of spawning areas and vessel strikes.

See the dozens of unique artificial fish habitat models, fish attractors and fish cover used at fishiding.com, the leader in  science based, proven, fish protection.

The National Marine Fisheries Service, a division of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, declared the Chesapeake Bay, New York Bight, Carolina and South Atlantic sturgeon subspecies of Atlantic sturgeon as endangered. The Gulf of Maine sturgeon was listed as threatened.

A federal study of the fish in 2007 revealed populations far below historic levels. Before 1890, an estimated 180,000 adult female sturgeon spawned in the Delaware River. Today, that total is believed to be fewer than 300, according to NOAA. Historically known to spawn in 38 rivers along the Atlantic coast, today sturgeon spawn in only 20 of those rivers.

The designation followed a fall 2009 petition from the Natural Resources Defense Council.

NOAA determined the petition had merit in January 2010 and proposed that in October 2010 the species be listed as endangered. The agency held six public hearings and received comments from 119 people or organizations, some of which opposed the designation.

“The Atlantic sturgeon survived the Ice Age but is now threatened with extinction,” council senior attorney Brad Sewell said in a release. “Despite a more than decade-old ban on fishing for the sturgeon, a host of other threats — including ongoing catch in other fisheries, habitat damage, pollution and the growing effects of climate change — have proved too challenging for the species to recover. By recognizing the fish’s endangered status, the federal government is giving this remarkable fish a fighting chance to live on into the 21st century.”

Harvested since the 1870s for their caviar, Atlantic sturgeon can live past 60 years, grow to 14 feet and weigh 800 pounds, according to the release.

Technically a bony fish, the sturgeon also share many characteristics with sharks and fin fish, said David Secor, a fisheries biologist at the Chesapeake Biological Laboratory in Solomons.

“They really are amazing looking fish,” he said.

Though the fish have not spawned in state waters for decades, it is known to still reproduce in the James River in Virginia and travel north into the bay and is sometimes found, though rarely, in the Patuxent and Potomac rivers, Secor said.

“Many in the Chesapeake are visiting from other rivers and states,” he added. “They tend to be fairly far-flung.”

The primary threats to Atlantic sturgeon are fisheries, where the fish can get caught up in nets and end up as part of the harvest’s bycatch, or unintentional catch. Listing the fish as an endangered species could help reduce the number of sturgeon killed in commercial nets, Secor said.

“Sturgeon tend to poke their noses into all kinds of nets,” including gill and pound nets and even crab pots, Secor said

The designation could affect the monk fish and dogfish fisheries in particular, he added.

Secor said the designation “maybe was warranted” since bycatching is such a threat to the species, but as a part of the current efforts to restore the Atlantic sturgeon population, he described himself as “ambivalent” about the listing.

He said the ban on fishing sturgeon has been effective and that there is evidence the fish’s numbers are rebounding in the Hudson River in eastern New York and rivers throughout New England.

“South of the Chesapeake, it’s not looking too good,” Secor said.

But he called the Atlantic sturgeon a “resistant species,” as evidenced by their prehistoric descendants.

“I like to think they swam with dinosaurs,” he said.

The good news for the Atlantic sturgeon is that “they are all over the place,” Secor said.

But the bad news is that water quality in the Chesapeake Bay is so poor that the oxygen-hungry fish has a very hard time surviving there. Secor described the Atlantic sturgeon as one of the “most sensitive species of fish to low oxygen.”

jnewman@somdnews.com

25% of the fry in the lake lost to mechanical weed harvesting

Posted on by david

J. Aquat. Plant Manage. 37: 34-36
Vertebrates Removed by Mechanical Weed
Harvesting in Lake Keesus, Wisconsin
TRAVIS L. BOOMS

INTRODUCTION
Mechanical weed harvesting has been used to control nuisance vegetation in Lake Keesus since 1979.

Fish, turtles,and amphibians often become entangled in the vegetation
and are incidentally removed from the lake while harvesting
weeds. See the dozens of unique artificial fish habitat models, fish attractors and fish cover used at fishiding.com, the leader in  science based, proven, fish protection.

Mechanical harvesting removed 2 to 8% of the standing crop of juvenile fish in harvested areas in Saratoga Lake,New York (Mikol 1985) and 32% of the fish population in
harvested areas in Orange Lake, Florida, representing an
estimated replacement value of $6,000 per ha (Haller et al.
1980).

Engel (1990) found mechanical harvesting removed
21,000 to 31,000 fish per year from Lake Halverson, Wisconsin, representing 25% of the fry in the lake. Little other current information has been published concerning aquatic vertebrate removal by mechanical weed harvesting in Wisconsin. Continue reading “25% of the fry in the lake lost to mechanical weed harvesting”

How do healthy forests grow healthy fish?

Posted on by david

Regulatory arms race won’t protect our fish habitat and water quality

Posted on by david

Posted: Tuesday, February 7, 2012 8:57 am

By K.C. VanNatta For The Daily Astorian

“Surprise, surprise” writes The Daily Astorian (Jan. 17), saying that Oregon’s forest protection laws are not as strong as either California’s or Washington’s,

See the dozens of unique artificial fish habitat models, fish attractors and fish cover used at fishiding.com, the leader in  science based, proven, fish protection.

Continue reading “Regulatory arms race won’t protect our fish habitat and water quality”

Mississippi fish attractor rules and regulations for placing fish habitat

Posted on by david

See the dozens of unique artificial fish habitat models, fish attractors and fish cover used at fishiding.com, the leader in  science based, proven, fish protection.

http://www.mdwfp.com/media/41179/f11_3428_sport_fish.pdf

Massachusetts- loans of up to $50,000 each to small boat fishermen

Posted on by david

Fish Talk in the News

Atlantic cod (Photo credit: MA Division of Marine Fisheries).Atlantic cod (Photo credit: MA Division of Marine Fisheries).

Atlantic sturgeon listed as endangered species

Posted on by david

By , Published: February 1

Atlantic sturgeon, one of the most expensive and imperiled fish in the world, made it onto the endangered species list Wednesday.

Once plentiful, sturgeon populations in the U.S. and across the world have plummeted since humans targeted them for their caviar.

Officials at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries Service listed the New York Bight, Chesapeake Bay, Carolina and South Atlantic populations as endangered, and the Gulf of Maine population as threatened. The move could lead to new protections for the fish’s habitat along the East Coast. See the dozens of unique artificial fish habitat models, fish attractors and fish cover used at fishiding.com, the leader in  science based, proven, fish protection.

“Atlantic sturgeon have been teetering on the brink of extinction since they were severely depleted by fishing in the late 1800s,” said Ellen K. Pikitch, executive director of the Institute for Ocean Conservation Science at Stony Brook University. She added that now these populations will enjoy “the full force” of Endangered Species Act, “I am more optimistic than ever before that future generations will be able to see these ancient fish thriving once again off the shores of the East Coast.”

Some species of American sturgeon that have declined are now making a comeback. TheTennessee Aquarium in Chattanooga has led an effort to reintroduce 115,000 lake sturgeon into the Tennessee and Cumberland rivers over the past decade. Sturgeon on those waters went extinct in the 1970s.

Anna George, the aquarium’s director of conservation, said people can identify with sturgeon because their life history is closer to that of humans than most fish.

“They don’t reproduce until they’re teenagers, and they can live for a really long time,” she said, noting that lake sturgeon live to be as old as 150.

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